From Security to Internet of Things: Open RFID in Cross-Sector Development

Technological development never ends

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), ie radio frequency identification (RFID) communication technology, can identify specific targets and read and write related data through radio signals without identifying the contact between the system and the target. The principle is to use transmitting radio wave signals to transmit information and identify and read and write information through contactless connections.

Conceptually speaking, RFID is similar to bar code scanning, but RFID uses a dedicated reader and RFID tag that can be attached to the target, and uses frequency signals to send information from the RFID tag to the RFID reader, at the sensing distance and convenience. There are significant breakthroughs in both sex and information richness. Therefore, RFID can be regarded as an upgraded version of barcode technology. According to the frequency band, RFID can be divided into low-frequency, high-frequency, ultra-high-frequency and microwave. However, RFID is usually referred to as a narrower concept, namely high-frequency and ultra-high frequency.

Structurally speaking, RFID is a simple wireless system. It is generally composed of two parts, a radio frequency card and a card reader. The RF card is the essence of the RFID system. It consists of an internal antenna and an IC chip that records ID information. The new read-write chip can also read and write data. The basic function of the reader is to provide data transmission with the tag. Ways, and perform signal state control, parity error checking and correction functions. Both perform wireless communication through the antenna and can read or write tag identification codes and memory data.

Among numerous identification technologies, RFID has unparalleled advantages. In terms of read/write speeds, RFID technology has features such as fast speed, non-contact, non-directional requirements, multi-target automatic recognition, and motion recognition. In terms of physical characteristics, RFID technology is waterproof, magnetically resistant, resistant to high and low temperatures, and can be bent. No mechanical failure, long life, resistance to harsh environments and other advantages; in data storage, RFID technology information storage capacity, data can be updated at any time, readable and writable; in data security, RFID technology uses a dedicated chip, a unique serial number Key authentication, with extremely difficult to copy features, high security level. In addition, RFID technology also has a variety of packaging methods, the shape is easy to miniaturize and diversify, can be easily embedded or attached to the goods, easy to use.

Zhu Hongguang, Sales Director of Guangdong Huaxin Jinyi Information Technology Co., Ltd. pointed out that in recent years, with the development of technology, RFID has been able to simultaneously identify 100 targets at a distance of 20 meters, and the sensitivity of future labels will be greatly improved. And application areas will also continue to expand. However, at the same time, because RFID uses the principle of radio passive propagation in space, it is vulnerable to interference caused by interference from the same-band device or even the tag itself. This also makes RFID more demanding for multiple tags. Occasions such as the lack of commercial applications.

Old technology new industry

RFID was born during the Second World War. It was originally used only for military purposes. By the 1980s, American and European companies began to produce RFID tags and began to apply RFID to more applications. In the 1990s, RFID technology followed. The access control system has been applied to Taiwan and the Chinese mainland market. Nowadays, with the development of modern science and technology and industry, RFID products have become more and more functional, and form a huge industrial chain, serving a wide range of economic and social fields.

Today, RFID has been widely used in communications, industrial manufacturing, commerce, transportation and many other fields. Many product systems based on RFID technology are used in all aspects of economic and social life, such as ETC vehicle identification systems, personnel access identification systems, and vehicles. Access management system, electronic article surveillance anti-theft system, RFID electronic money card, vehicle real-time guidance positioning system, vehicle dynamic management system, production line product identification control system, storage automation management system, airport baggage identification system, car radio frequency anti-theft system, container automation Identification systems, livestock identification management systems, radio frequency anti-counterfeiting systems, etc.

In recent years, China's RFID market has a huge demand, which has boosted the rapid development of the RFID industry. The electronic tags, readers and terminal devices have gradually matured and achieved large-scale production. However, there is still a certain gap between the overall performance indicators and foreign advanced levels. Qin Dehu, Marketing Director of Beijing Jiade Hengan Technology Development Co., Ltd. also pointed out that China's medium and low-frequency, high-frequency label packaging technology has basically matured, but only a very few companies have the ability to design and manufacture UHF readers; domestic companies generally have RFID antennas. The design and R&D capabilities still lack the ability to design highly reliable RFID tag antennas for metal materials and liquid environments; system integration is a relatively fast development step, while middleware and background software are still relatively weak.

In the development of the market, Rao Ruqun, product manager of Shenzhen Lize Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., stated that China’s RFID-related industries such as financial payments, identification, traffic management, military security, asset logistics management, and anti-theft security In the fast growth trend, especially in the financial payment sector, financial payments in 2013 accounted for 21.20% of the market share and became the first sector in the domestic RFID industry market, surpassing the identity recognition market and 2015 is expected to exceed 5 billion yuan. According to IIPA, the overall scale of China's RFID market will exceed 40 billion yuan by 2015 and will maintain an average annual growth rate of about 30% in the next 3-5 years.

From the perspective of the global market, since 2010, due to the improvement of the economic situation and the favorable factors of the Internet of Things, the global RFID market continues to heat up, and the global market size has reached more than US$20 billion in 2012. It is expected that the application field of RFID will become wider and wider in the next 10 years. In this regard, Gartner Hengan Qin Dehu pointed out that the current RFID market has been steadily increasing. Especially in the security industry, there has been a surge in demand for access control card readers and parking lots. However, the real force in the future will lie in the Internet of Things. By then, the market capacity of RFID. There will be explosive growth. Cross-Sector Applications Gathering New Blue Ocean

As an automatic identification technology, RFID has undergone decades of development, especially in the last more than 20 years. Its new and derivative functions have become increasingly diverse, and its application fields have also changed from military to commercial and civilian applications. They are widely used in security, transportation, and In areas such as finance and logistics, and with the development of safe cities, smart cities, and the Internet of Things, new development opportunities will emerge.

Security applications are still the mainstream

Security is an experimental field where RFID technology is transferred from military use to civilian use. It is also an area where the development and application of RFID technology has been pushed to a new level. At present, RFID has made great achievements in the development and application of the security field, becoming the mainstream application of this technology, and playing an exemplary role for the application of RFID in other fields.

Hua Xin Jin Yi Zhu Hongguang pointed out that at present, the application of RFID in the security field mainly focuses on the application of high-frequency and ultra-high frequency, and RFID has become one of the key technologies in the security industry. Jia Deheng An Qin Dehu talked about the current RFID applications in the security field including access control systems and time and attendance systems, parking management, electronic patrol, anti-theft alarm, anti-counterfeiting management, personnel positioning, product security and other security management and other key areas, including Access control is the most widely used RFID application in the field of security.

In addition to the aforementioned applications in the narrow security field, RFID has also been increasingly applied in the field of pan-security such as vehicle management, electronic licenses, material management, and public utility security (such as food traceability), and it has also seen many opportunities in economic and social life. The situation has realized the connection of local objects in different industries and established the basis for a broad-based Internet of Things.

Internet of Things Application Convergence New Blue Ocean

In recent years, with the rise of the Internet of Things, RFID technology has ushered in new opportunities for development. It has emerged in many wireless connection communication and identification technologies, and it has also been able to develop and apply itself more deeply while promoting the Internet of Things.

At present, technologies that enable the 'connectivity' of objects and the Internet include infrared technology, geomagnetic induction technology, RFID technology, bar code identification technology, video recognition technology, and wireless communication technology, and can all connect objects to the Internet in the form of information. Compared with other identification technologies, RFID technology has very obvious advantages in terms of accuracy, sensing distance, and information volume.

Hua Xin Jin Yi Zhu Hongguang believes that the problem to be solved by the Internet of Things is the communication and control between things and things. The difference between things and things requires an 'identity card' that can be identified, but if you want to identify a mass of objects, The most appropriate technology for automatically identifying and reading object information is RFID technology, which is also a key technology for data collection in the Internet of Things. It can automate the efficient identification and collection of mass objects or commodity information.

In terms of applications, Lizzie Rao Ruqun pointed out that when the Internet of Things has not yet arrived, RFID has been widely used in retail, military and other fields. With the development of the Internet, big data, and cloud services, the Internet of Things will also usher in new One round of development, and the continuous application of innovative RFID technology, development of technologies and standards is still a key factor in the development of the Internet of Things. At the same time, with the powerful thrust of the Internet of Things, it will inevitably apply RFID to refined applications, standards and protocols. Research and application in areas such as harmonization and compatibility have given impetus.

The Internet of Things is hot and the rapid development of RFID technology has important significance for the development of the Internet of Things. However, it must be realized that the development and application of RFID technology in the field of Internet of Things is still far from ideal, and its future applications are not limited to Internet of Things. Jia Deheng An Qin Dehu mentioned that the development of the Internet of Things will promote the application of RFID to expand and extend. However, there is still a long way to go to achieve universal application.

Combine applications to avoid weaknesses

RFID is one of the key technologies for security and the Internet of Things. Currently, related product and system solutions are becoming more and more abundant. Market applications are gradually deepening, and application areas are continuously expanding. But at the same time, it must be noted that RFID is still facing the lack of standards. The lack of compatibility and other challenges have led to missed readings and other security risks. For China's RFID industry chain, the lack of core technology is also a major challenge to restrict development and application.

The first problem is the lack of standards. Due to the large number of RFID technology and standard-setting organizations, the frequency bands open in different countries are different, which reduces the interoperability and compatibility of RFID readers and tags, making it difficult to apply them uniformly. In some special environments, the radio wave signals of RFID will cause interference and attenuation, which will affect the reliability and accuracy of data reading, and reduce the scope of application of RFID.

Followed by the security of RFID technology. Jia Deheng An Qin Dehu bluntly stated that the information security generated by large-scale RFID applications and the issue of user privacy protection are the challenges that RFID technology needs to solve. Due to the RFID's convenient readability, the personal information stored on the chip is easily accessible to others. Even in many involuntary situations, the private information is inadvertently read and even traced. For the access control products and financial products, the consequences are even more serious. With the rise of mobile payment functions based on RFID technology, the security situation it faces is becoming increasingly severe.

For the Chinese RFID industry, compared to developed countries or regions such as Europe and the United States, the development of China's RFID industry is still relatively backward. Jia Deheng An Qin Dehu pointed out that although there are more than 100 domestic RFID manufacturers, they lack key core technologies, especially in UHF RFID, due to high technical barriers and relatively late domestic development, the technology is relatively lacking. There are not many companies producing, and there are even fewer innovative companies with independent intellectual property rights.

In this regard, Hua Xin Jin Yi Zhu Hongguang said that any identification technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, such as the visibility of RFID, but before any more suitable technology emerges, we are using it. When this technology is used, it should exert its strengths and advantages, avoid its limitations and deficiencies as much as possible, and combine several identification technologies to achieve the best application effect.

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