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The author was informed that with the rapid development of China's economy, China's pharmaceutical machinery industry has also been rapid development, evaporation equipment in this area has been widely used, at the same time, with the continuous progress and development of science and technology, evaporation equipment continues Product innovation, the development prospects are very impressive.
For example, in the traditional Chinese medicine and pharmaceutical industry, the production process of traditional Chinese medicine is an operation process that consumes a large amount of heat energy, and in particular, the evaporation concentration operation of the extraction liquid consumes a large part of the total process consumption. Therefore, the evaporation operation is a major concern for energy conservation. The renewal, transformation and development of evaporation equipment and processes are important research subjects.
Evaporator is the liquid from the falling film evaporator heating chamber on the tube box, the liquid distribution and film forming device, evenly distributed to the heat exchange tube, and along the inner wall of the heat transfer tube is a uniform film flow. During the downflow process, it is heated and vaporized by the shell-side heating medium, and the generated steam and liquid phase together enter the separation chamber of the evaporator. The vapor and liquid are separated sufficiently, the vapor enters the condenser to condense (single-effect operation) or enters the next effect evaporator. As a heating medium, a multi-effect operation is realized, and the liquid phase is discharged from the separation chamber.
With the needs and development of the pharmaceutical industry, the form of evaporator construction has gradually improved. First, the jacket heating type replaced the jacket heating type, and then improved into a riser heating type, while the latter continues to be improved in a wide range of uses, in order to avoid the static pressure of the solution, creating a liquid film evaporator, in order to improve Production intensity has created an evaporator outside the heating chamber and a forced circulation evaporator.
There are four types of flow: cocurrent (co-current), counterflow, and mixed flow (cross-flow) advection.
Downstream: The flow of solution and steam are the same, and they all flow from one effect to the last. The raw material liquid is pumped into one effect, and depending on the pressure difference between each effect, it automatically flows into the next effect, and the completed liquid is pumped out from the final effect (usually operated under negative pressure). Since the pressure of the latter effect is low, the boiling point of the solution is also low, and the solution will flash part of the water from the pre-effect to the latter effect, resulting in more secondary vapor, because the after-effect concentration is higher than the pre-effect and the operating temperature is low. The first heat transfer coefficient is often much higher than the final efficiency. The downstream process is generally suitable for processing heat-sensitive materials in the presence of high concentrations.
Countercurrent: raw materials are sent to the pre-effect by the pump from the final effect, the finished solution is discharged by one effect, and the feed solution and the steam flow in the opposite direction. It is generally suitable to handle a solution with a large variation in viscosity with temperature and concentration, and it is not easy to handle heat-sensitive materials.
Mixed flow: It is a combination of forward and backward flows. It combines the advantages of forward flow and reverse flow to avoid disadvantages. However, the operation is complicated and requires a high degree of self-control.
Advection: The complete solution is added for each effect, and each effect is crystallized. It can be separated and crystallized in time. It is generally used for the evaporation of saturated solutions.
In order to promote the development of evaporation equipment and better meet the energy-saving needs of the pharmaceutical industry, research and development companies of evaporation equipment need continuous technological innovation. If the plate heat exchanger is used in the heating system, if the heat medium side pressure drop is large, it will lead to the depletion of the medium flow of the cold medium, even if the heat source is insufficient, the second side of the effluent water temperature will not reach. To standard temperature. Therefore, companies need to innovate in this area to overcome deficiencies.
The advanced evaporation equipment will promote the advanced evaporation process to get better performance, so that the energy saving target can be effectively achieved. With the continuous development of industrial evaporation technology in China, the structure and type of evaporation equipment will continue to improve and innovate. The types will be increasingly numerous, and the structures will be different. This will play an increasingly important role in the energy conservation of the pharmaceutical industry.
Energy-saving work in the pharmaceutical industry: focus on the development of evaporators
Because of high energy consumption, high pollution, and other issues, pharmaceutical companies in China have been criticized in the past. With the release of the “Made in China 2025†plan, the construction of green factories was listed as a key task by the state and the goal of “building a thousand green demonstration factories by 2020†was proposed. The prevailing concept of energy conservation and environmental protection, the pharmaceutical industry through high-tech means to implement energy-saving emission reduction, reduce costs and pollution emissions has become a long-awaited revitalization of pharmaceutical companies. Among these, the design of energy-saving and emission-reducing pharmaceutical equipment is crucial for the development of pharmaceuticals.