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Why does the plant protection drone go astray?
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] The current plant protection drone service does not make money is the normal state of most plant protection service operators. Throughout the entire agricultural planting process, from planting to harvesting, the degree of agricultural mechanization is getting higher and higher, but throughout the crop In the process of planting, there were not a large number of large-scale agricultural service companies to plant, fertilize, harvest and other large-scale operations for large agricultural farmers.
The sowing and harvesting of China's agriculture can be said to be at present a high degree of mechanization in the country. For example, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang and other places are introducing foreign agricultural equipment, but why there is not a lot of development in planting and harvesting stages of agricultural planting, like plant protection. A specialized service operation company like Man Machine?
Is it that no one has done this, or has it been unsuccessful, or is it only plant protection drones that can do this?
Plant protection drone plant protection operation mode goes astray
At present, there are three main types of plant protection UAV plant protection operations: factory self-employed, plant protection company, plant protection team. The current profitable and potentially profitable is the plant protection team. Why is this happening? Let us first look at the nature of these three subjects.
First of all, the manufacturers are self-employed. The primary purpose of plant protection drone manufacturers to do plant protection services is not to profit but to capture data and test the performance of their plant protection machines. The ultimate goal is to sell their plant protection drones.
The data is the key to the plant protection drone manufacturer. With the support of the data, it will have good after-sales service guidance, in order to make its products stand firm in the market. The manufacturer's plant protection plan for different crops in different growth stages is Urgent, at the same time, the mastery of these programs is also a strong support for the iterative function of its product technology.
Second, professional plant protection services companies. The plant protection service company purchases the plant protection machine of the plant protection manufacturer to do the plant protection service. Its main purpose is to make money. In their eyes, all the plant protection that is not for the purpose of making money is a rogue.
However, the cruel reality has reminded the plant protection service company from the dream of making big money. After a year of work, it found that it does not make money, and it is more likely to lose money. It is finally working for the battery company.
There are two main reasons why professional plant protection services companies do not make money:
(1) High operating costs. Due to the limitation of the battery, the plant protection drone needs a large amount of batteries during the operation to enable it to operate normally. In addition, the battery life is generally not long in the harsh environment of plant protection, which makes the plant protection service provider The investment in the battery has taken a big part. Secondly, in addition to the current plant protection drones on the market are not very mature, the cost of the bomber is high, so that the cost per acre is higher.
(2) Plant protection services are affected by seasonality. Due to the climatic factors, China's plant protection industry is seasonal, which makes the service of the plant protection service company operating in the company mode unsustainable, earning money during the work season, and earning after the end of the operation season. The money paid the flying hand again, and in the end it was a busy year.
After that, look at the plant protection team. The plant protection team usually has one or three plant protection machines to temporarily set up a plant protection team to do plant protection services. Compared with plant protection service providers, their operating costs are low, there is almost no management cost, and seasonal adaptability is strong.
Compared with the guerrilla warfare of the plant protection service provider, the plant protection team is playing a positional battle. The service of the local plant protection market has a very good profit, and it is easy to form a good reputation and gain the trust of the local people. The idea of ​​making money is simple: to be stronger than working, and to do something else at the end of the season. Compared with plant protection companies, the plant protection team has no pressure to manage additional operating costs, and it is more competitive in the future.
Therefore, the prospects for the plant protection service providers with a single profit model are unclear, and the development vitality is worse than the plant protection team. However, the current status quo is that the plant protection service providers account for the majority.
Plant protection drones carry astray
Due to the fierce competition of plant protection drone manufacturers in the northern market, the northern farmland is flatter and wider than the south, and it is a must for various drone manufacturers.
In the face of vast farmland, the drone's load and life time seem to be the key to determining the outcome. Gradually some unmanned aerial vehicle manufacturers began to develop drones with larger loads, and there were 15KG, 20KG, 30KG, 40KG and other drones with different loads.
But we have to face three facts. These three facts are easy to ignore. Can we really have a market by simply increasing the load? Can you beat your opponent? Killing a day? The three facts that are easily overlooked by us are:
(1) Among the 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land in China, the high-quality and high-quality cultivated land of the UAV is only 33.1%, mainly concentrated in the northern provinces such as Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Hebei and Henan.
(2) In the face of plant protection for crops with medium and high arable land, the competitors of drones are not people but tractors, and their cost is much higher than that of tractors.
(3) Under the land transfer, the area of ​​single landlord contracted land is mainly between 100 and 1000 mu, of which 100 to 500 mu is the majority, and the land is divided into several large pieces, not one piece.
One day, a 10KG electric plant protection machine operates 150 acres to 200 acres without problems. In the face of these three facts, it is not a wise choice for drones to lift the load. In order to compete for the market, regardless of the facts, the development of large-load drones. It is astray.
In the country, the land suitable for UAV plant protection operations, in more cases, the entire area of ​​the whole plot is between 20 and 200 mu. Under the land transfer, there will always be several nail households not contracting their own land, so It caused the division of large-scale cultivated land and split it into small pieces. This does not include obstacles and topographical factors. In addition, there is a time difference between cultivation, which results in inconsistent plant protection time for the first acre and the 1000-mu crop. . Therefore, in this case, the strong demand for the heavy load of the plant protection drone is weakened.
Under the market verification, the plant protection machine with 10KG and 15KG load is suitable for most of the needs of the current plant protection market, and it is also the two models currently sold in the market.
In addition, the development of large-load plant protection drones, the contradiction of the battery is upgraded again, the larger load means more batteries, for example, a 30KG electric multi-rotor plant protection machine currently on the market, its 16000mAh battery needs 6 Piece. Although the number of acres per operation has increased, the cost per acre of battery has remained the same, and the more battery demand, the more troublesome the charging.
After slowly discovering that the plant protection drone load is not important.
Plant protection drone function development goes astray, with too much obscenity
In the face of the above two locomotives of plant protection drones, in these two ways, the plant protection drones began to be obscenity, began to deviate from the fight against drugs, and began to confirm the land, share leases, surveying and so on. Not the contents of plant protection are linked together, and I want to use the plant protection drone to provoke the beam of smart agriculture.
It is the key to satisfying the market demand and doing the best. The tractor is dry and how to cultivate and plant; the plant protection drone is how to weed, insecticide and fertilize; the combine harvester is how to harvest; everyone is responsible for the establishment of smart agriculture.
But some people don't do this. Weeding, insecticide, and fertilization don't work well, they want to do other things, and start to spread the stalls. Harvesters and tractors have been developed for so long and they are not afraid to spread the other functions. However, the mature plant protection drones have not yet developed, but they are endless, and I can’t think of other functions except for the money.
Undoubtedly, it is increasingly difficult to develop such a model in the future by operating such a shared platform with no land and no operational requirements and no aircraft operations. When the plant protection drones are becoming more and more mature, the size of the plant protection team is getting bigger and bigger. After the nationwide deployment, there will be no embarrassment for the aircraft to work and the operation without aircraft. The sharing platform is only a transition.
Some people may ask questions. Let's look at a machine that is similar to the plant protection drone operation mode in agricultural machinery, namely: combine harvester. The main operating mode of combine harvesters is the operation team and cooperatives. The cooperative mode mainly exists in large-scale planting provinces such as Xinjiang and Heilongjiang, and more is operated by individuals. Only one harvester is needed for one harvester.
Let's take an individual combine harvester operator in Gansu as an example. When I get out of the car, I will hire a driver, a total of two people. Most of the couples are usually couples. It started to harvest winter wheat in Henan in June, and then harvested Shaanxi wheat, Gansu wheat and barley, Qinghai barley and rapeseed all the way north. It was concentrated in June, July, August, September and October, with obvious seasonality. During this period, there are many combine harvesters, and there are various provinces. When the combine harvester is spread out, there is no harvester and no harvester can be found. There is no need for a so-called sharing platform.
Where is the way out?
As an agricultural equipment, plant protection drones cannot escape the limitations of agricultural equipment. Like the combine harvester, its future development model is mainly operated by individual plant protection teams and local cooperatives. The company's plant protection drone single business model Will be gradually eliminated.
The speed of land transfer is not as fast as imagined. At present, most of the circulation is dependent on subsidies or national subsidies. Once the state has no subsidies, land transfer is impossible to continue. Agriculture does not currently make money, and a large amount of land is Most of the hands are stable and not earning. There is no one who dares to contract heavily in the land. Only the land transfer of the lessor market without the lessor market will rely on government subsidies for a long time. Fundamentally, it will not be possible to have a larger area of ​​planting, and it will be meaningless to increase the load of the drone. Therefore, in the future for a long period of time, 10KG, 15KG load drones are still the mainstream.
Plant protection drones do one thing well, that is, spray the medicine well. More obscenity can only be told about storytelling, and the main functions are perfected. It is the right way to make a durable and durable plant protection machine. There is still a long way to make a really good plant protection drone. Each plant protection machine has its own defects, and it is not easy to improve its own products according to the actual situation of the work. The basic functions are important, and it is not easy to make the basic functions reliable. (Original title: Plant protection drones that go astray, where is the way out?)